Assuming the transaction is covered by VISA's Zero Liability, the issuing bank is responsible for reimbursing its client. It's ability to recover from the merchant is dictated by VISA's Operating Rules.
Since card fraud is something that impacts all debit card issuers, I will be offering a webinar on Debit Card Fraud Mitigation on July 9th. The link to the left under Upcoming Training will provide the details.
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