As noted above, the receiving bank has the option to provide access to the direct deposit before it's due. However, that can be risky, because a direct deposit could be reversed (doesn't happen often, but it can). It also is letting the customer have access to funds that the bank doesn't yet have. It's the electronic equivalent of knowingly paying against uncollected funds.
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John S. Burnett
BankersOnline.com
Fighting for Compliance since 1976
Bankers' Threads User #8