It wouldn't fall under the zero liability rule because it wasn't unauthorized, but you should be able to file a Chargeback Reason Code 30 - Services Not Provided or Merchandise Not Received. Note that if this was an electronic commerce transaction Visa Operating Regulations say the following:
1.11.1.2 Attempt to Settle
Before initiating a Chargeback, the Issuer must attempt to honor the Transaction.
If the attempt fails and the Issuer has already billed the Transaction to the Cardholder, the Issuer must
credit the Cardholder for the Chargeback amount.
An Issuer must credit its Cardholder's account for the amount in dispute, whether or not a Chargeback
was initiated, if the dispute involves an Electronic Commerce Transaction that meets the conditions of
any of the following Chargeback reason codes:
â— 30 (Services not Provided or Merchandise Not Received)
â— 41 (Cancelled Recurring Transaction)
â— 53 (Not as Described)
◠83 (Fraud – Card-Absent Environment)
â— 85 (Credit Not Processed)
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