In State law. From the preamble:
First, the Bureau understands that manufactured homes may be titled either as personal property (in which case the consumer receives a personal property, or chattel, loan) or as real property (in which case the consumer receives a mortgage). Whether a manufactured home is titled as personal or real property does not perfectly correlate to whether the consumer owns the land on which the home is situated. Indeed, according to 2011 U.S. Census data, even though a majority (77 percent) of new manufactured homes placed during 2011 were titled as personal property, only 26 percent were placed inside manufactured home (i.e., land-lease) communities, with the balance being placed on owned land.63 Instead, as noted by consumer group commenters, the laws in most States provide an option for titling the manufactured home either as personal or real property.
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